Air conditioning

Air conditioning Air conditioning is achieved by developing the principles of moving air in ducted ventilation systems to include a number of physical and scientific processes which enhance the air quality. The objective is to provide and maintain internal air conditions at a predetermined state, regardless of the time of year, season and external atmospheric environment. For buildings with human occupancy, the design specification is likely to include an internal air temperature of 19-23`c and relative humidity between 40 / 60%. Theoretically most "air conditioning" should be referred to as "comfort cooling" as the air is only cooled or heated, with no humidity control or extensive filtration of the air. 7The system used in the Bicentennial building is a VRV system. VRF and VRV systems have been in use since the late 1990's, and are becoming the industry standard for providing heating and cooling in commercial blocks nowadays due to their high energy efficiency.Air handling unit (AHU)VRV stands for Variable Refrigerant Volume (or Variable Refrigerant Flow) and is a type of air conditioning system consisting of anywhere up to 40 indoor units connected to one outdoor condensing unit. The refrigerant flow is varied by using an inverter controlled variable speed compressor, or multiple compressors to respond to changes in the cooling or heating requirement.There are two types of VRV air conditioning systems:* Two-pipe systems, usually applied to open-plan areas, retail stores or offices, which require heating or cooling during the same operational periods* Three-pipe systems, where there is a requirement for some areas to be cooled and others heated.An advanced controller enables switching between heating and cooling in two-pipe systems and in 3-pipe systems it manages the indoor units to operate independently in heating or cooling mode. 8The VRV multi split air conditioning system (cooling only) found...

How to Write a Letter of Complaint

How to Write a Letter of Complaint Heres a project that will introduce you to brainstorming and give you practice in group writing. You will join with three or four other writers to compose a letter of complaint (also called a claim letter). Consider Different Topics The best topic for this assignment will be one that you and the other members of your group truly care about. You may write to the dining hall supervisor to complain about the quality of the food, to an instructor to complain about his or her grading policies, to the governor to complain about cuts to the education budgetwhatever subject the members of your group find interesting and worthwhile. Begin by suggesting topics, and ask one member of the group to write them down as they are given. Dont stop at this point to discuss or evaluate the topics: simply prepare a long list of possibilities. Choose a Topic and Brainstorm Once you have filled a page with topics, you can decide among yourselves which one you would like to write about. Then discuss the points that you think should be raised in the letter. Again, have one member of the group keep track of these suggestions. Your letter will need to explain the problem clearly and show why your complaint should be taken seriously. At this stage, you may discover that you need to gather additional information to develop your ideas effectively. If so, ask one or two members of the group to conduct some basic research and bring their findings back to the group. Draft and Revise a Letter After collecting sufficient material for your letter of complaint, elect one member to compose a rough draft. When this has been completed, the draft should be read aloud so that all members of the group can recommend ways to improve it through revision. Each group member should have the opportunity to revise the letter according to the suggestions made by the others. To guide your revision, you may want to study the structure of the sample complaint letter that follows. Notice that the letter has three distinct parts: An introduction that clearly identifies the subject of the complaint.A body paragraph that (a) clearly and specifically explains the nature of the complaint, and (b) provides the reader with all of the information needed to provide an appropriate response.A conclusion that clearly states what actions are needed to remedy the problem. Annie Jolly110-C Woodhouse LaneSavannah, Georgia 31419November 1, 2007Mr. Frederick Rozco, PresidentRozco Corporation14641 Peachtree BoulevardAtlanta, Georgia 303030Dear Mr. Rozco:On October 15, 2007, in response to a special television offer, I ordered a Tressel Toaster from your company. The product arrived in the mail, apparently undamaged, on October 22. However, when I tried to operate the Tressel Toaster that same evening, I was distressed to find that it did not fulfill your claim to provide fast, safe, professional hair-styling. Instead, it severely damaged my hair.After following the instructions to set up the toaster away from other appliances on a dry counter in my bathroom, I inserted the steel comb and waited 60 seconds. Then I removed the comb from the toaster and, following the instructions for a Venusian Curl, ran the hot comb through my hair. After just a few seconds, however, I smelled burning hair, and so I immediately placed the comb back into the toaster. When I did this, sparks flew from the outlet. I reached to unplug the toaster, but I was too late: a fuse had already blown out. A few minutes later, after replacing the fuse, I looked in the mirror and saw that my hair had been scorched in several spots.I am returning the Tressel Toaster (along with the unopened bottle of Un-Do Shampoo), and I expect a full refund of $39.95, plus $5.90 for shipping costs. In addition, I am enclosing a receipt for the wig I purchased and will have to wear until the damaged hair grows out. Please send me a check for $303.67 to cover the refund for the Tressel Toaster and the cost of the wig.Sincerely,Annie Jolly Notice how the writer has delivered her complaint with facts rather than emotions. The letter is firm and direct but also respectful and polite. Revise, Edit, and Proofread Your Letter Invite one member of your group to read aloud your letter of complaint and respond to it as if he or she had just received it in the mail. Does the complaint sound valid and worth taking seriously? If so, ask the members of the group to revise, edit, and proofread the letter one final time, using the following checklist as a guide: Does your letter follow the standard format shown in the example above?Does your letter consist of an introduction, a body paragraph, and a conclusion?Does your introductory paragraph clearly identify what you are complaining about?Does your body paragraph clearly and specifically explain the nature of the complaint?In the body paragraph, have you provided the reader with all of the information needed if he or she is to respond effectively to your complaint?Have you conveyed your complaint calmly and clearly, relying on facts rather than emotions?Have you clearly organized the information in your body paragraph so that one sentence leads logically to the next?In your conclusion, have you clearly stated what action(s) you want your reader to take?Have you proofread the letter carefully?

United States v. Jones Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

United States v. Jones - Essay Example In the making of court decisions involving the fourth amendment of the Bill of Rights, three critical aspects are considered. The aspects include the kind of activities considered by the government to constitute searches and seizures, the probable cause constituted by the actions in the government activities, and the appropriate mechanisms of addressing the violations of the fourth amendments (Wetterer 94). In the case between the state and Jones, it is in order to put clear some facts to understand the unfolding of events in the court decision and reasons for such decisions. First, Jones, who is the respondent in the case, is the owner and operator of a nightclub come under suspicion that he could be dealing in drug trafficking. Based on the above occurrence, police after conducting their investigations sort for a warrant from the Federal District Court, which the courts granted for to use of a GPS tracking device on the Jeep registered to Jones’ wife, which, however, driven exclusively by Jones (McDonald and Means 112). However, the officers failed to beat the ten-day deadline issued and instead put the GPS tracking device on the car to track on the car’s movement on the eleventh day while in Maryland, outside of DC, which the permit granted. With the help of satellite, the GPS device was in a position to monitor the car’s movement for twenty-eight day, sending i ts data to a government-monitored computer and producing data comprising of over 2,000 pages over the same period (McDonald and Means 62). From the findings, Jones was charged for conspiracy of cocaine distribution by the government. Concerning the evidence presented to the court by the state, the judges suppressed the data obtained from the GPS while the car was parked in Jones garage while holding the remaining data based on the aspect that Jones had no expectation of privacy whenever the car was in a public place at the pre-trial hearing of the case (Arcila 88).

Affect of Language Learning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Affect of Language Learning - Assignment Example Researchers have discovered that reading skills, intelligence levels, and verbal fluency are always improved through learning a second language. The researchers conducted their research on this issue by using 853 individuals. They used the data of these individuals when they were at the age of 11 and later when they had attained an age of 70. Previously, a certain research had proved that the bilinguals had delays of several years during the onset of dementia (Wolfgang, 2001). Most of the people who choose to learn a second language are always in their later stages of life. When a person attains bilingualism in the later stages of life, there are many benefits to an aging brain. The cognitive abilities are always altered when individuals attain bilingualism at a later stage of their life. Apart from having an improved intelligence level, those who learn more than one language at an older age tend to possess considerably superior cognitive abilities. The reading skills and the general intelligence level are most greatly affected. Such effects are not only present in those individuals who learn a second language in their earlier stage of life, but also those who acquire bilingualism in their later years. It is important to test bilingualism of a person both in early and later stages of life since it is easier to note the transformation in terms of intelligence, cognitive ability, and fluency (Wolfgang, 2001). This research was conducted using two sources. The first source is an article called â€Å"Block play performance among preschoolers as a predictor of later school achievement in mathematics† by Charles Wolfgang et al. The second source is a book called â€Å"Affect in Language Learning† written by Jane Arnold. The two sources are best suited for this essay since they use practical examples in their analysis of the issue.

Ultrafiltration Process :: ultrafiltration nanofibrous membranes

What exactly do we mean by Ultrafiltration, and for what processes can it be used? Ultrafiltration is a process by which one uses a pressure-driven process utilizing a specific-sized membrane to separate macromolecular weights of a solution, allowing the transfer of the low molecular weight (permeate). Ultrafiltration is exclusively defined by the pore size range (0.1 – 0.001 microns) (Dhawan). Ultrafiltration is used in a wide array of applications, such as food and beverage, chemical, pharmaceutical, medical, drinking water, wastewater and etc. This research review will focus on industrial applications, and transport processes that make ultrafiltration unique, as well as the industry standard for separation. The rapid development of ultrafiltration for industrial processes is possible by the advent of anisotropic, high-flux membranes capable of distinguishing among molecular sizes of 10 A to 10  µ size ranges (Porter, 1972). The high molecular solute which flows through, but does not pass through the membrane is released as retentate (concentrate). The solution that passes through the membrane is known as permeate, which is shown Figure 1. This figure demonstrates the basic structure of a hollow membrane where the feed of the material you want to separate enters, and where the permeate (ultrafiltrate), and retentate exits. In different industrial processes one may want to retain the permeate, retentate, or combination of both. Mass Balance, Momentum Balance and Flux Figure 1: Flows and fluxes in a hollow fiber for ultrafiltration (Yeh, 2009) Let us take a closer look at what drives ultrafiltration from a mathematical point of view. In Figure 1, the feed solution is being driven by a volumetric flow rate (qi/Ni), pressure (∆Pi), and concentration (Ci). This feed solution produces a mass balance which results in the flux (J) vs fiber (dz): (Yeh, 2009) The momentum balance must be accounted for also: (Yeh, 2009) It can be presumed that the volumetric flow rate will be reduced similarly to the Hagen–Poiseuille equation, due to the laminar flow within the tube in Yeh, H. experiment in 2009, he takes into account convection as well as mass, and momentum balance: (Yeh, 2009) Equation 3 assumes that the volumetric flow rate is relatively large compared to that of the permeation rate. This occurs mainly in an exponential model along the membrane tube. This model simply states that when working with a pressure-drive ultrafiltration process, as pressure is increased, a ceiling (limiting) flux will occur regardless of increasing the pressure. We know that the relationship between membrane pressure (∆Ï ) and the permeate flux leads us to the following conclusion (Yeh, 2009).

Nicholas Lezard’s Quote on Atonement Essay

â€Å"†¦the novel is itself the act of atonement that Briony Tallis needs to perform; yet we are very much in the land of the unreliable narrator, where evasion and mendacity both shadow and undermine the story that is told† (Nicholas Lezard). Discuss this criticism of Atonement. When one reaches atonement, it means that they feel forgiven, regardless whether they are actually absolved for an offence or not. In Atonement, a novel of drama, war and romance, the author Ian McEwan characterizes the main character, Briony, as a very self-centered person. McEwan’s novel is self-referential when it is implied that the novel is one Briony wrote in order to reach atonement. Nicholas Lezard, critic for the Guardian, says that Briony’s atonement and ‘the truth’ of her story is weakened by Ian McEwan’s characterization of her as an unreliable person. However, some may argue that the novel Briony wrote was a good way to atone for her crime. In the end of the McEwan’s novel, Briony shows that she believes she had done the best she could have to reach atonement. When talking about the final draft of her novel she says â€Å"I’ve regarded it as my duty to disguise nothing – the names, the places, the exact circumstances – I put it all there as a matter of a historical record† (McEwan 349). This makes the reader believe she is being entirely honest. In addition to this, Briony, being a well-known published writer at the age of 77, decides to use her passion, her talent, to become part of her atonement. Although Briony can’t publish her novel until after the death of Lola and Paul Marshall because of her fear of litigation as well as the power and wealth the couple have and will use to protect their names. â€Å"The Marshalls have been active about the courts since the late forties, defending their good names with a most expensive ferocity† (McEwan 349). Her inability to do anything more at this stage of her life makes readers feel sympathy for Briony and want to believe everything that she claims to be true. For these reasons many readers may well believe that Briony had done respectably the best she could have to reach atonement. On the other hand many may agree with Lezard and feel that Briony’s fictional happy ending to her story is a final attempt to evade the guilt she feels. Briony’s medical condition and the fact that she is dying, as a result draws attention away from her desperation to relieve her guilt. â€Å"It is only in this last version that my lovers end well, standing side by side on a South London pavement as I walk away. All the preceding drafts were pitiless† (McEwan 350). This makes the reader question how much more of what actually happened was changed in Briony’s story. Briony even calls herself an â€Å"unreliable witness† (McEwan 338) of the events that occurred which she then wrote about. This also puts the reader in a position to not want to trust anything Briony says. She also says that she likes to think that Robbie and Cecilia’s happy ending wasn’t â€Å"weakness or evasion, but a final act of kindness† (McEwan 351), which contradicts to her claim of having the novel published as a historical record, enforcing to the reader her untrustworthiness. These are a few of the reasons for which Briony can be seen as an unreliable person. Aside from her desperation and lies as a result of her coming closer to death, there are other ways in which McEwan characterizes Briony to be unreliable and wanting to partially avoid blame for her committed crime. Briony, the protagonist, wrote her entire novel with an omniscient 3rd person narrator, which as a result distances Briony from the reader and draws some attention away from her offence. Another effect that this has is that it suggests to the reader that the events that occurred happened exactly as they are described, when that is not the case. Should the novel have been written in 1st person from Briony’s point of view, the reader would have seen Briony as an arrogant and not believed her story so easily. Briony on page 350 then clearly states that she made of part of her story when she says â€Å"When I am dead, and the Marshalls are dead, and the novel is finally published, we will only exist through my inventions† (McEwan). McEwan’s characterization of her as a self-centered and unreliable person is consistent from when Briony is 13 years old up to when she is 77. On page 336, Briony says â€Å"However withered, I still feel myself to be exactly the same person I’ve always been† (McEwan), which to the reader signifies that Briony has not matured as a person and still may think like she did when she was a child, making the same mistakes without realizing them. A clear example of the same mistakes Briony makes as an adult, is how she is jealous of her older cousin at the age of 77, the same feeling she had as a child. On page 341, Briony also says, â€Å"I’ve always been good at not thinking about the things that are really troubling me† (McEwan), which has the same effect of characterizing her as unreliable. Briony tries to do good by trying to atone with the novel she wrote, although on page 340, she says, â€Å"If I really cared so much about the facts, I should have written a different kind of book. But my work was done. There would be no further drafts† (McEwan 340), which then makes it very clear to the reader that Briony’s story cannot be trusted. The entire novel is damaged and cannot be believed as a result of Briony’s unreliability. Although Briony’s attempt to atone may seem justifiable to some, it is more reasonable to say that McEwan’s novel of Atonement is reduced from the story of a girl committing a crime and separating two lovers, down to the fantasy world of Briony Tallis blended in with some facts of events she witnessed. The novel being self-referential when it is revealed that Briony wrote it in order to reach atonement, leaves the reader with a very strong impression of Briony as a very unreliable, self-centered person, which then undermines the entire story.

The Affordable Care Act Of The United States - 1373 Words

Barack Obama was elected on November 4, 2008 to be the president of the United States. As he is the president, he implied many new suggestions in the United States, for example, the Affordable Care Act or The Patient Protection also known as Obamacare. The health care reform also known as The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act or simply Obamacare became one of the most ambitious projects in the history of the United States since the mid-1960’s.1 This is the first attempt to reform the U.S. Health Care system of the United States since the 1960s, when the President Johnson created public Medicare and Medicaid, to help pensioners and the poor. The current reform was attempted back in 1993, however, unsuccessfully by Clinton’s†¦show more content†¦The ever-increasing cost of Medicare and Medicaid is one of the reasons for the rushing United States budget deficit. Many people don’t realize what the Affordable Care Act is used for and what the purpose is for it, but it can either be a pro or a con. There different items that can help a person out if they choose Affordable Care Act and sometimes it can get really expensive if they choose to go with that. The Affordable Care Act offers people and their families many new benefits, rights, and protections on all new major medical plans. Ambulatory Patient Services is the most common form of health care, often called outpatient care. Most health insurances already cover this but it guarantees when a person has the Affordable Care Act. Other benefits of having the Affordable Care Act is it offers coverage on prescription drugs. Several people do not realize that when they are getting the Affordable Care Act or Obamacare, for example, if a person goes into the Emergency Room because of a serious accident the emergency visit is already covered if the person has the Affordable Care Act. Many plan s don t cover mental or behavioral health services, but Obamacare does and that’s why numerous amount of people decide to go with that.3 If people are injured or become ill, the Affordable Care Act can cover rehabilitation therapies to