Kossans Return And Market Return Essay Example Pdf - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 9 Words: 2737 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Chart 1 represents the return of Kossan Rubber Industries and KLCI index. In year 2004, the Kossans stock return is higher than the market return which is 1.1174% and 1.0131%. This implies that Kossan have a high performance in year 2004. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Kossans Return And Market Return Essay Example Pdf" essay for you Create order The following year, both of Kossan and KLCI index have a negative return which is -1.9569% and -0.0381% respectively. However, the situation has been improved in year 2006. The Kossans return has increase to 8.3246% which is highest return during the five years while the market returns is 1.6952%. Nevertheless, the return of Kossan dropped to -1.1743% in year 2007 adversely market return increase to 2.4065% which is higher than Kossan stock return. In year 2008, both returns are dropped to negative return which is -2.1616% and -3.9557% respectively. It is because the inflationary pressures attributed to 5 fold increases of oil prices. Although the Kossan stock return are negative but it also is higher than the market return. In consequence, overall the five years, the Kossan Rubber Industry have a good performance and well prospective for the future. Industry Analysis Malaysian glove industry started in late 80s and it has been the largest rubber glove exporter in the world for the past 20 years. Malaysia currently controls about 65 percent of the worlds consumption and still remains highly competitive in the world market even for the next 5 to 10 years. The global demand for rubber gloves has increased and expected to grow by 10% annually driven by greater health awareness, more stringent health standards and an aging population. At present though rubber gloves have not been affected much from the global crisis, but the rubber gloves industries are facing stiff competition and higher production costs including latex, crude oil and labor input. Only handful efficient and sizeable glove manufacturers are able to survive and secure the growing demand in gloves. Sime Darby and KLK which were unsuccessful in growing their rubber glove operations would have dominated the industry. Instead, Kossan have successful in its rubber glove operations. It is because Kossans operational efficiency and cost management has managed to minimize the impact of rising costs on operating margins. Kossan is also ambitious and nimble players, who have invested tremendous time and effort to improve quality, achieve efficiency and grow export markets. It is for this reason that the Kossan will continue to dominate the industry as it will become increasingly difficult for new entrants to entry in this industry and achieve economies of scale. Looking forward, Kossans management continues to emphasize on higher value added products, focusing on the premium powder-free medical gloves, both in the natural rubber (NR) and nitrile segments. Its management also appears poised to meet any variance in the consumption trend between natural rubber and nitrile gloves, with the company setting in-place highly versatile production lines. Financials KOSSAN TOP GLOVE SUPERMAX Bursa S.Code 7153 7113 7106 Mkt cap (RMmillion) 372. 5 1083.8 254.7 Mkt price (RM) 2.33 3.60 0.96 YTD price chg (%) (40.3) (44.6) (56.0) Cons. TP (RM) 3.43 4.49 1.55 TP upside (%) 47.2 24.7 61.5 EPS (RM) 0.38 0.37 0.22 P/E (x) 6.1 9.7 4.4 BV/share (RM) 1.97 2.27 1.54 P/BV (x) 1.2 1.6 0.6 Div/share (RM) 0.09 0.11 0.03 Div yield (%) 4.0 3.1 3.4 (Figure 2: YEAR 08 GLOVE PEER COMPARISON) Figure 2 represent the rubber glove peer comparison between Kossan, Top Glove and Supermax on year 2008. Over the all, Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd has a good performance compare to other rubber industries. The EPS of Kossan is 38 sen which is higher than 37 sen (Top Glove) and 22 sen (Supermax). This implies that Kossan have a high earning for each share outstanding compare to other rubber gloves industries. At the same time, Kossan have a RM2.33 market price which is higher than Supermax RM0.96 but lower price than Top glove is RM3.60. This also implies that Kossan Rubber have a high value compare to Supermax. Dividend per share of Kossan is also more than Supermax which is RM0.09 and RM0.03 respectively. Based on Kossans EPS and P/E ratio, we set the fair value of RM3.43, which is 47% above its current market price. For Top Glove, the fair value is RM4.49 which is 25% above its current market price, and fair value for Supermax is RM1.55 which is 61% above its market price. Du e to the intrinsic value is higher than the current market price, so that we duly maintain our buy call. Kossans results have matched our expectations despite facing cost pressures and slower global economic. We like Kossan for its production efficiency, high production capacity utilization rate and its focus on the higher-margin nitrile / NR powder-free glove segment growth. Company Analysis Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd was established in 1979. The companys manufacturing plants are centered within Klang Valley, Malaysia for ease of management and logistic control which translates into better synergistic effects. Its principal activity is manufacturing latex examination gloves, manufacturing and trading rubber products, fabricating and installing machineries as well as investment holding. The companys subsidiaries include Kossan Latex Industries (M) Sdn. Bhd., Perusahaan Getah Asas Sdn. Bhd., Hibon Corporation Sdn. Bhd., Doshin Rubber Products (M) Sdn. Bhd., Ideal Quality Sdn. Bhd., Kossan Engineering (M) Sdn. Bhd., and Top Calibre Sdn. Bhd. During the time, Kossan offered a range of cutless bearings that were often used in the marine industry. With a growing market demand for Kossans products, Kossan Rubber Industries Bhd continued to progress rapidly and was one of the first companies in Malaysia to venture into glove manufacturing. It then introduced the first glo ve production line in August 1988. Today, Kossan has a full capacity of 49 state-of-the-art production lines that are able to produce a stunning 3.9 billion pieces of gloves annually. Kossan joined the Main Board of Bursa Malaysia in 1996 and has been classified as one of the fastest growing companies in Malaysia. Kossans stellar performances and strong reputation of good product quality, timely delivery and excellent customer service, numbers of multinational companies in developed countries have resulted in a business network that extends to more than 160 countries around the world and commanding significant world market share in both rubber products and medical gloves. Kossan products are mainly distributed in countries such as United State of America, China, Japan, Korea, Europe, Canada, Europe, Middle East and Australia. Kossan continued to grow and extend its line of quality products. With wide acceptability of its rubber rollers and cutless bearing, it took a step further to introduce PU products 1988 and Ethylene Vinyl Acetate (EVA) products in 1994. In year 2000, Kossan progressed further by developing high-end rubber products such as bridge bearing pads and bridge expansion joint. These products are created to meet current and possibly, future industrial requirements. In 2001, Kossan chalked a new milestone by becoming the OEM manufacturer of marine dock fenders. The following year, Kossan reengineered the facilities to introduce technical rubber and rubber-to mental bonded automotive parts for OEM and replacement markets. With a progressive management and dynamic outlook, Kossan will continuously strive towards better quality, reliability, and services. Kossan are always thinking ahead and their customers satisfaction will always be the main focus in everything they do and produce. In the year 2008 was a year full of challenges from the inflationary pressures attributed to 5 fold increases of oil prices from under $30 to $147 per barr el in the first half of the year which lead bulk latex prices to spiral and hit a high of RM7.20 per kg in the month of July. High commodity prices and unprecedented increases in energy costs announced by the Government severely impaired the well being of not only the glove manufacturers but also manufacturers and exporters across many industries. The year under review saw Kossan operating in a challenging market environment characterised by great fluctuations in RM/USD exchange rate, record high production cost as a result of stiff increments in natural gas and electricity tariff, and volatile raw material costs including both natural and synthetic latex. Nevertheless, Kossan was able to ride over the challenge and delivered a strong set of financial and operational performance through strong business partnerships with world renowned multinational companies from the developed nations, aggressive capacity growth and focused on manufacturing capability building initiatives. To maintain their market leader position in premium medical gloves and TRPs, the Group will continue to focus on RD. Greater emphasis will be placed on RD activities that are able to bring down overall production cost through more consistent and stable production flows, minimum idle production times, and reduced production rejects and wastages. With more competitive pricing, Kossan Group is well positioned to compete more effectively in the world market. With their concerted RD efforts, they achieved another milestone with the invention of a new generation of nitrile glove which is accelerator free and able to minimize risk of chemical allergy. This nitrile glove offers many advantages to its users compared with the conventional nitrile gloves available in the markets. Supported by encouraging feedbacks from their buyers, they are putting more resources and capacity to produce this new product. Relative valuation techniques Growth rate (g) = ROE ÃÆ'Æ’- b Year Growth rate (g) 2004 0.162 ÃÆ'Æ’- 0.783 = 12.68% 2005 0.18 ÃÆ'Æ’- 0.834 = 15.01% 2006 0.224 ÃÆ'Æ’- 0.814 = 18.23% 2007 0.219 ÃÆ'Æ’-0.831 = 18.20% 2008 0.1974 ÃÆ'Æ’- 0.812 = 16.03% Average growth rates 12.68% + 15.01% + 18.23% + 18.20% + 16.03% 5 = 16.03% 2008 Expected Price/earnings ratio Market value per share Earnings per share = RM 2.88 0.3668 = 7.8517 Expected EPS = EPS ÃÆ'Æ’- (1+g) = 0.3668 ÃÆ'Æ’- 1.1603 =0.4256 Expected market price = 0.4256 ÃÆ'Æ’- 7.8517 = 3.3417 Intrinsic value = Expected market price 1+ Required rate of return = 3.3417 1.021 =RM 3.27 Price/cash flow ratio Market value per share Operating cash flow per share = RM 2.88 57549081/159866976 = 8.00 Expected Cash flow per share = Cash flow per share ÃÆ'Æ’- (1+g) =0.36 ÃÆ'Æ’- 1.1603 =0.4177 Exp ected market price =0.4177 ÃÆ'Æ’- 8 =3.3416 Intrinsic value: = Expected market price 1+ Required rate of return =3.3416 1.021 = RM 3.27 Price/book value ratio Market value per share Book value per share = 2.88 299858657/159866976 = 1.535 Expected book value per share = book value per shareÃÆ'Æ’- (1+g) =1.8757 ÃÆ'Æ’- 1.1603 =2.1763 Expected market price =2.1763 ÃÆ'Æ’- 1.535 =RM 3.34 Intrinsic value: = Expected market price 1+ Required rate of return = 3.34 1.021 = RM 3.27 Price/sales ratio Market value per share Net sales revenues per share = 2.88 897194335/159866976 = 0.5132 Expected net sales revenues per share = net sales revenues per share ÃÆ'Æ’- (1+g) =5.61 ÃÆ'Æ’- 1.1603 =6.51 Expected market price = 6.51 ÃÆ'Æ’- 0.5132 =3.34 Intrinsic value: = Expected market price 1+ Required rate of return =3.34 1.021 =RM 3.27 According to the above valuation, the intrinsic value of the stock price is RM3.27 per share. Below is the Kossan yearly stock price performance during year 2004 to year 2008 . Calculation Of Holding Period Return ( HPR) HPR = Ending Price Beginning Price + Dividen Beginning Price Year HPR 2004 3.15 2.03 + 0.072 2.03 = 0.5872 2005 1.83 3.46 + 0.03 3.46 = -0.4624 2006 4.57 2.02 + 0.046 2.02 = 1.2851 2007 3.88 4.68 + 0.058 4.68 = -0.1585 2008 2.88 3.77 + 0.07 3.77 = -0.2175 Measuring Investment Returns over Multiple Periods Arithmetic Average = Total HPR (%) No. of the period = 58.72% + -46.24% + 128.51% + -15.85% + -21.75% 5 = 103.39% 5 = 20.678% So the annual return is 20.678%. Since this value ignores compounding, it does not represent an equivalent, single quarterly rate for the year. Geometric Average = [(1+HPR2004) ÃÆ'Æ’-(1+HPR2005) ÃÆ'Æ’- (1+HPR2006) ÃÆ'Æ’- (1+HPR2007) ÃÆ'Æ’- (1+HPR2008)]1/5 _ 1 = [(1+0.5872) ÃÆ'Æ’-(1-0.4624) ÃÆ'Æ’-(1+1.2851) ÃÆ'Æ’-(1-0.1585) ÃÆ'Æ’-(1 -0.2175)] 1/5 _ 1 = [1.2839] 1/5 _ 1 = 5.13% A geometric average return is the constant return applied to each period in a range that would result in the compounded return over that range which is 5.13%. Financial Ratio Analysis Financial Ratios 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008       Liquidity Ratio      1) Current Ratio 1.32 times 1.22 times 1.11 times 1.04 times 1.00 times 2) Quick Ratio 0.89 times 0.83 times 0.76 times 0.68 times 0.62 times       Leverage      3) Interest Burden 91% 91% 87% 85% 87% 4) Leverage 1.79 times 1.96 times 2.26 times 2.13 times 2.18 times       Asset Management Ratio      5) Average Collection Period 90 days 80 day 72 day 70 day 61 day 6) Total Asset Turnover 1.23 times 1.35 times 1.53 times 1.45 times 1.51 times       Profitability Ratio      7) Return On Asset (ROA) 14.31% 14.13% 14.84% 14.16% 14.02% 8) Return On Equity (ROE) 16.82% 19.39% 22.47% 24.87% 21.46% 9) Earning Per Share (EPS) 33.22 sen 18.11 sen 24.79 sen 34.46 sen 36.68 sen       Market Ratio      10) Price/Earning Ratio (PE) 9.48 times 10.10 times 18.43 times 11.26 times 7.85 times 11) Market/Book Ratio (MB) 1.51 times 1.82 times 3.82 times 2.46 times 1.54 times Liquidity Ratio The current ratio is an excellent diagnostic tool as it measures whether or not the business has enough resources to pay its bills over the next 12 months. Then, the quick ratio is measurement of the liquidity position of the business. The primary difference between the current ratio and the quick ratio is the quick ratio does not include inventory and prepaid expenses in the calculation. Consequently, a businesss quick ratio will be lower than its current ratio. A current ratio of over 1 is good news, generally. On year 2004, the company Kossan has 1.32 times current ratio, after that, the current ratio has a continually drop to 1.00 times on year 2008. Same at the current ratio, the quick ratio of company Kossan has a continually drop from 0.89 times year 2004 to 0.62 times year 2008. However, the liquidity ratio Kossan has decrease year by year, it still have a good liquidity. Leverage The graph indicates that leverage ratio has increasing steadily from 1.79 times in year 2004 to 2.18 times in year 2008. Leverage ratio is measure of debt to total capitalization of the firm. Too high leverage ratio indicate company will face the risk such as, cant to solve their indebtedness at the time, but too lower leverage ratio indicate company do not efficiency invest their money because too many assets keep on hand. The company Kossan has quite optimum leverage ratio during year 2004 to year 2008 because they maintain between 1.79 times to 2.26 times. Asset Management Ratio Average collection period indicates how rapidly a firm is collecting its credit, as measured by the average number of days it takes to collect its accounts receivable. On year 2004, the company Kossan has 90 days average collection period, that mean the company average can collect all accounts receivable on year 2004 during the 90 days. The company has improves its collection period during the year 2004 until year 2008. It is speed up the collection period. On year 2004 to year 2008, the company has short down 29 days to 61 days on year 2008. The rapidly company to collecting its credit is good for company because the company can use the cash to invest the other place. The total asset turnover indicates the efficiency of the firms use of assets in the sense that it measures the annual sales generated by each RM of assets. We see the result of 1.23 times for year 2004 this means that turnover is 1.23 times bigger than total assets. Another way of saying that is the company Kossan was able to generate sales of RM1.23 for every RM1 of assets it owned. For the year 2006, it was even higher at 1.53 times. For the year 2007, it was drop a lot of times to 1.45 times, but after year 2007 the total asset turnover was rise a lot of times to 1.51 times. Profitability Ratio The return on asset (ROA) is measure the company ability to utilize its assets to create profits. The graph indicates that (ROA) has maintaining around 14.02% to 14.84% during the year 2004 to year 2008, that mean the company Kossan can create around 14% profit for each assets. However, the return on equity (ROE) has increasing steadily from 16.82% in year 2004 to 24.87% in year 2007. The net result that (ROE) increase from 16.82% to 21.46%. It is fall a little from year 2007 to year 2008. ROE is measure the income earned on the shareholders investment in the business. Overall ROE for company Kossan has increase during year 2004 to year 2008. This is good for each shareholders because they can gain more return compare to the previous. Market Ratio The price-to-earnings ratio (P/E) is a measure of the price paid for a share relative to the annual net income or profit earned by the firm per share. The graph show the company Kossan has a highest P/E ratio on year 2006 compare the other year. A higher P/E ratio indicate bad news for company because investors are paying more for each unit of net income, so the stock is more expensive compared to one with lower P/E ratio. However, market-to-book ratio (MB) is measure how much a company worth at present, in comparison with the amount of capital invested by current and past shareholders into it. At the same with P/E ratio, MB ratio has highest on year 2006 compare the other year. A higher MB ratio implies that investors expect management to create more value from a given set of assets. Conclusion From the above information, we can conclude that the stock price of Kossan Rubber Industries is undervalued. While Kossans beta (correlation factor) to the KLCI is 0.179 and based on our forecast the intrinsic value for that stock is about RM 3.27 per share which is 13.54% above its current market prise RM 2.88 per share. So we recommended to the investor to Buy this stock. Besides that we also can see the company performance is better than group Peer Company such as Supermax Company. Earnings is also expected to be more stronger because of additional capacity and a stronger output of higher value added nitrile glove as the management has also made plan to convert some existing latex glove lines to produce nitrile gloves. We like Kossan for its production efficiency, high production capacity utilization rate and its focus on the glove segment growth. Besides that analysis from Standard Poors also suggest Buy recommendation on Kossan with a lower 12-month target price of MYR3 .10. (See Appendix)

Napoleons Collapse Essay - 2767 Words

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Horror Movies Essay - 660 Words

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I always enjoyed being in my dadâ₠¬â„¢s short films because of how fun everything was. Not just the horror aspect, but everything else in relation to film. My dad was the one who introduced me to horror films. I loved the sensation it gave me when I knew something was going toRead MoreThe Horror Of Zombie Movies1190 Words   |  5 Pagesdead bodies in need of living flesh to survive. Zombie movies have compelled us to figure out what distinguishes us from them. Zombies are indeed the picture-perfect terror makings for a society filled with media overload containing reports of famine, disease, terrorism, and warfare. Zombies trigger our primitive anxiety of being consumed and force us to differentiate ourselves from the forever-starving animated corpses. Really, these cheap horror films inquire some deep questions like does this unpleasantRead MoreMovie Review : Horror Movies1345 Words   |  6 Pages Clark 1 Baili Clark Mr. Karwatsky Freshman Seminar, Per.1 4 May 2015 Horror Movies Why is it that some people enjoy a scary movie and others think that they are too scary or gruesome? Horror movies have been around since the 1960s. Some of those movies actually come from a story that was made up to scare little kids. People would make up a scary story and the parent’s would tell their children the stories to keep them from doing something they didn’t want them to do, but not all

Analysis Of Samuel Huntingtons Clash Of Civilizations And...

In Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of the World Order, Samuel Huntington states â€Å"The most important distinctions among peoples are no longer ideological, political, or economic. They are cultural†. This is his main argument throughout this book. New patterns of distinctions and conflict will occur along boundaries of different cultures. However, patterns of cohesion will be found within the cultural boundaries. Huntington analyzes the resurgence of post-cold war cultural identities. He does this in order to explain the prevailing and future world order. From Huntington’s perspective, arguments and world views which claim the existence and proliferation of a universal culture can be disregarded. Hunting argues that great divisions among man and sources of conflict will be cultural. Huntington’s work influenced how the Western and American policymakers view the world. Clash of Civilization was an expansion from an article he published in Foreign Affairs journal. It incorporates a hybrid of nationalist, metahistorical, and realist elements. Huntington states that there is a weakness present in the four paradigms existing in the political world after the Cold War. He views the situation from the view of the West versus the rest of the world is the current system. Huntington regards this system as weak. He believes that the four paradigms are also incompatible with each other. 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Gabrielle Bishop In a 1993 article published in Foreign Affairs, Harvard Professor of Government and Political Scientist Samuel Huntington madeRead MoreThe Clash of Civilizations: a Summary of Samuel Huntington’s Controversial Political Analysis and Its Critics2367 Words   |  10 PagesGabrielle Bishop The Clash of Civilizations: A Summary of Samuel Huntington’s controversial Political Analysis and its Critics â€Å"Culture and cultural identities, which at the broadest level are civilizational identities, are shaping patterns of cohesion, disintegration, and conflict in the post-Cold War World† - Samuel Huntington POLI 100 - F10N01! Gabrielle Bishop In a 1993 article published in Foreign Affairs, Harvard Professor of Government and Political Scientist Samuel Huntington made a predictionRead MoreEvaluation Of Huntington s Thesis1047 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluation of Huntington’s Thesis: A Reference to Muslim and U.S. Relations Krystal Johnson Savannah State University Evaluation Huntington’s Thesis: A Reference to Muslim and U.S. Relations In 1992, Samuel Huntington had suggested his idea on the Clash of Civilizations (COC) which he later, in 1996, discussed in more detail in his book The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order (Huntington 1996). The most popular inference made from his thesis is the idea that post-Cold War conflictsRead MoreThe Cold War Was Easy : Capitalism Vs. Communism1402 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The Cold War was easy: Capitalism vs. Communism, West vs. East, Good vs. Evil†¦ however you wanted to define it, the dichotomy was simple to understand. 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Author Profile Ms. Saira Yamin is pursuing a Ph.D. in Conflict Analysis and Resolution at George Mason University, Virginia. She is also a Faculty Member at the Department of Defense and Strategic Studies, Quaid-e-Azam University, Islamabad. Her publications include a book titled Stability Through Economic CooperationRead MoreGp Essay Mainpoints24643 Words   |  99 Pagesc. Mathematics d. Universal language 11. Businesses a. Business morality b. Charities as businesses 12. Democracy a. Good vs. Bad 13. Social Issues (only stats provided) a. Gender b. Family c. Equality 14. Governance a. World Governance 15. Others a. Cooperation b. Education c. Crime d. Liberty or Security e. Consumerism 1. Media 1a. New vs. Traditional GENERAL Intro: †¢ The first quarter of 2043 will be when the last newspapers land on front process

Cloud Computing Application Models-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Challenges in Cyber security in Business. Answer: Introduction: The assignment studies challenges which cyber security poses to the business organisations in todays world. Cyber security issues are capable of causing loss of valuable business data like customer information, thus posing risk to both the companies and their customers. The first section discusses the concept of cyber security giving an idea about its importance in the current corporate situation. The next section points out the areas which come under cyber securities followed by the types of cyber securities. The final section points out the ways in which the companies can fight cyber security challenges they face. The facts are often accompanied by examples to make them more comprehendible. The concept of Cyber security in business organizations: Cyber securities are the techniques which are used to secure the networks, programmes and softwares used by the business organisations from authorised access or exploitation of information. The business organisations use several types of softwares and technological setups to acquire, maintain and share information related to business. This data is of great significance to the companies that own them and are under threat of misuse by illegitimate identities. These organisations or individuals try to hack and obtain corporate data unlawfully and use it in their interest. These threats are increasing with advancement of science and technology. They pose serious challenges in cyber security to business organisations today (The Economic Times 2017). Major areas of cyber security: The major areas of cyber security are application security, information security, disaster recovery and network security. These cyber security areas are discussed in the following section: Application security: Application security refers to the security which protects the strategic business data from theft during the designing the applications, upgrading them or while their development. These counteracts the data thefts by the third parties organisations which the principle organisations hire to maintain their vast data banks. The technical or engineering departments of the main companies use steps like validation of parameters, user authentication, session management and auditing usage of the data (Almorsy, Grundy and Mller 2016). Information security: The companies often have to share their business data which business partners like other organisations, suppliers and distributors. This threat arises while the companies use their data to carry out daily business activities like mergers and acquisitions. The engineering departments of the companies use encryption and authentication of authorised user to counter this threat (Siponen, Mahmood and Pahnila 2014). Types of threats to cyber security in organisations: Malware: Malware are the false antivirus which attackers use to get access to the computers used in organisations to get access to their data. Malware are types of harmful softwares like viruses and ransomewares. These cyber threats take control of the operations of the computers and cause all files to crash. They then send the strategic information to unauthorised groups like terrorists who use the data stored in the computer to their own benefits. The greatest cyber security threats posed by malware are that they appear like normal attachments with prompts to download them. These are actually malwares which get installed in the computer system once the user clicks them (Faruki et al. 2015). Phising: The hackers use the phising techniques to install malware into a computer system and collapse it. The phising appear like normal emails with messages showing great concern like the fraudulent activities detected within the network. These emails are usually designed to make them trustworthy from legitimate sources. The emails usually prompt the users to click a link which actually installs the malware on clicking. SQL Injection Attacks: The Structured Query Language or SQL injection attacks are devastating cyber threats which harm both the companies and their stakeholders like partners and customers. The SQL are programming language which facilitate communication with databases. The multinational companies like banks and manufacturing companies store and exchange critical information using SQL. They exchange confidential information about customers like name and credit card numbers which are inaccessible to the outsiders. The hackers use SQL injection attack to crack any weak SQL code and run malware on the database. For example, the attackers may type a code in the search box which may make the database dump all the crucial information on their databases (Pearson and Bethel 2016). The SQL Injection attacks can have long lasting impact on the business of the victim companies. They cause loss of important data to the unauthorised entities. The company also loses customer or shareholder trust due to the leaking of the ir confidential information from the database of the company. Such loss of stakeholder trust causes business losses and competitive loss in the market position due to the negative image created (Hamilton 2015). Cross site scripting: The cyber attackers here target the users of the companies official websites and not the website using cross site scripting. The hackers design a malware into an apparent website which runs when the users use the official websites of the organisations. The malware then obtains information about the users when they put confidential information into the websites. For example, the hackers can embed malicious Java script as a comment on the blogs which the users run conceiving to be safe. The malware then transfers all the information from the blog to the hackers system. Cross site scripting can be very harmful because once their information are leaked, the companies develop negative image among the customers. The most dangerous threat of cross scripting is that it is very difficult to be detected in the initial stage (Gupta et al. 2015). Disaster recovery: The companies which face cyber security threats use their technical and financial strength to counteract the threat. The top management along with the cooperation of the engineers and specialists frame disaster recovery strategy to retaliate this threat. Network Security: Network security deals with activities related to applications, reliability, security and integrity of the user. The companies interact with other companies and firms to carry out business. These third party firms and organisations often do not secure their networks using high level of security. The companies use this unprotected network to share vast amount of strategically important data. This exposes the both the companies to virus, spyware and malware attacks which causes the systems to crash or get corrupted. The companies using the network install antivirus which detects and prevents the virus from entering the information system. Firewall blocks unauthorised access to networks. This protects the vital data of the companies from illegal and unethical identities who try to hack the information system of other organisations using virus. Intrusion Prevention Systems detect fast spreading cyber threats like zero day and prevents them. Virtual private network provide secure remote a ccess to the data users from all round the world and keeps the data of the companies security at the same time. Steps to strengthen cyber securities in organisations: The business organisations can take the following steps to ensure and strengthen cyber security: Create a strong internal data policy: The companies should create a strong internal data sharing policy to ensure that the data is shared in ethical and legal manner. The supervisors and the technical departments should keep strict vigilance on data access available to employees. For example, employees of lower ranks should be given restricted access to data just to prevent them from getting access to confidential data and use it for their won advantage (Siponen, Mahmood and Pahnila 2014). Keep the computers and other data sharing devices updated: The companies should instruct all the employees to update their computers on daily basis. This will ensure that all the computers have sufficient cyber threat protection like updated anti viruses and firewalls. This will prevent the company from being attacked by malware owing to its updated firewall (Garba, Armarego and Murray 2015). Use of cloud computing: The companies should use cloud computing to share and obtain information. Cloud computing helps companies share information in a secure manner and save information security expenditure. They should also emphasise on obtaining cloud computing from reputed companies like Microsoft (Othman, Madani and Khan 2014). Create strong passwords and change them frequently: The companies should create strong passwords which will prevent hackers from in filtering into their databases using malware. The companies should also ensure having different passwords for different areas (HuffPost 2017). This will prevent unauthorised people or organisations from cracking the passwords. This security system will shield the company against breakdown of the entire databases (Business Insider 2017). Conclusion: The assignment in a nutshell covers three areas each of which are related to and enrich the other. The cyber security challenges are becoming a colossal threats to the present organisations. The application systems, information systems and several other areas come under its purview. The hackers make use of apparently safe methods like sending links and mails to install malware. The companies and individuals should take steps to ensure cyber security and share data ethically. The companies should strengthen their securities to counteract the cyber challenges to their databases. This will help them to protect confidential business data and grow in the long run References: Almorsy, M., Grundy, J. and Mller, I., 2016. An analysis of the cloud computing security problem.arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.01107. Business Insider. 2017. 12 Quick Internet Safety Tips That Will Save Your Digital Life From Getting Hacked. [online] Available at: https://www.businessinsider.in/12-Quick-Internet-Safety-Tips-That-Will-Save-Your-Digital-Life-From-Getting-Hacked/articleshow/35704507.cms [Accessed 16 Jun. 2017]. Faruki, P., Bharmal, A., Laxmi, V., Ganmoor, V., Gaur, M.S., Conti, M. and Rajarajan, M., 2015. Android security: a survey of issues, malware penetration, and defenses.IEEE communications surveys tutorials,17(2), pp.998-1022. Garba, A., Armarego, J. and Murray, D., 2015. A policy-based framework for managing information security and privacy risks in BYOD environments.International Journal of Emerging Trends Technology in Computer Science,4(2), pp.189-98. Gupta, B.B., Gupta, S., Gangwar, S., Kumar, M. and Meena, P.K., 2015. Cross-site scripting (XSS) abuse and defense: exploitation on several testing bed environments and its defense.Journal of Information Privacy and Security,11(2), pp.118-136. Hamilton, C.B., 2015. Security in Programming Languages. HuffPost. 2017. 5 Ways to Prevent Cyber Crimes From Derailing Your Business. [online] Available at: https://www.huffingtonpost.com/toby-nwazor/5-ways-to-prevent-cyber-c_b_12450518.html [Accessed 16 Jun. 2017]. Othman, M., Madani, S.A. and Khan, S.U., 2014. A survey of mobile cloud computing application models.IEEE Communications Surveys Tutorials,16(1), pp.393-413. Pearson, E. and Bethel, C.L., 2016, April. A design review: Concepts for mitigating SQL injection attacks. InDigital Forensic and Security (ISDFS), 2016 4th International Symposium on(pp. 169-169). IEEE. Siponen, M., Mahmood, M.A. and Pahnila, S., 2014. Employees adherence to information security policies: An exploratory field study.Information Management,51(2), pp.217-224. Siponen, M., Mahmood, M.A. and Pahnila, S., 2014. Employees adherence to information security policies: An exploratory field study.Information Management,51(2), pp.217-224. The Economic Times. 2017. Definition of 'Cyber Security' - The Economic Times. [online] Available at: https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/cyber-security [Accessed 16 Jun. 2017].

Hard rock Cafe global strategy free essay sample

From your knowledge of restaurants, from the video, from the Global Company Profile that opens this chapter, and from the case itself, identify how each of the 10 decisions of operations management is applied at Hard Rock Cafe ©? Design of Goods and services Hard Rock Cafe © is providing the customers with an experience of music, rock and roll ambiance as well as good food. This unique experience is not limited to the meals on the menu. They combine the good food with the harmony of their memorabilia and the rock and roll spirit, which makes the experience on-replicable elsewhere.Managing Quality Surveys are done on a regular basis to make sure of customer satisfaction. If the result is less than 7 from the scale of 1 to 7 it is considered a failure. Process and Capacity Design Every product is designed and tested for cost of ingredients, labor requirement and client satisfaction. Then they are only put on production is the ingredients are available from qualified vendor. We will write a custom essay sample on Hard rock Cafe global strategy or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Location strategy: They narrow down the search from country to city and then to precise street corner. They try to select the right market and go there at the right time. Toyota Strategy The company designs the kitchen flows for food preparation and the bar layout for the maximum revenue. Every piece of experience strategy including memorabilia, music and visuals takes on a new significance Human Resources and job design: The company seeks people who are love music and enjoy serving and share the experience to visitors. They train and support the employees and help them develop as contributors to their community.Supply Chain management: They buy their ingredients based on market analysis and from qualified suppliers. The supply chain process is designed to yield a quality meal. Inventory, MR. , SIT: The inventory includes food and merchandise as well as $MOM of Rock and Roll memorabilia which most of them are on the walls of its cafes around the world. Their warehouse in Orlando cataloged every single item and every single story with that item. They know exactly what is on what wall in which cafe ©. They can locate that value. Scheduling:The staffs are scheduled down to 15 minutes intervals to meet daily and seasonal demand. Maintenance: Every 5 to 7 years they collect all the memorabilia in each cafe © and bring it to the main warehouse, they refurbish them and then replace it with new gear. 2. How would you determine the productivity of the kitchen staff and wait staff at Hard Rock? Single factor productivity for kitchen staff is unit food produced divided by labor hours and for the waiting staff is number of people served divided by labor hours. 3.How are the 10 decisions of MM different when applied to the operations manager of a service operation such as Hard Rock versus an automobile company such as Ford Motor Company? Although Hard Rock Cafe © is considered service industry and Ford Motor is a company that manufactures goods, the application of 10 critical decisions are applied to both of them. They both have marketing, operations, and finance. They also have labor hours, supply chain of goods, facility costs and are needed to provide high quality products (service or good).